Phra Soravit Aphipanyo (Duangchai)

Project Leader, Researcher
Lecturer, Faculty of Education Mahachulalongkornrajvidyalaya University, Thailand.

Abstract

The research studies in this time for youth behavior violent learning growing and developing reduction form for youth behavior violent and evaluate for youth behavior violent using along by three sings program in Buddhism where as Quasi-Experimental Research . Along by capacity of One Group Pretest-Posttest Design, some of example with 30 vocational students. The data’s were analyzed by consist of the questionnaire for violent acknowledgement of the questionnaire for violent opinion and three sings program in Buddhism such as frequency percentage, mean ( ), standard deviation (S.D.), t-test. The level of significance was used to test hypothesis at 95 %

Results according to the Hypothesis of this Research Found that.

All communitieshad been found that, almost the answers are women frequency percentage 90were men and ๖๐.๐has been of evaluate frequency percentage 2.51-3.50 almost percentage 50.0 had been the first child, frequency percentage 40.0 had been for expenditure between4,001-6000Bath,frequencypercentage36.7theirfatherhadearned money by general work and sale frequency percentage 43.3 their mother had earned money by general work and frequency percentage 83.3 their parents had been together.

On the other hand, the comprehensions for youth behavior violent 5 parts namely, in the case of good children for father and mother, in the case of good student for teacher, in the case of good friend for friend, in the case of good citizen for country, and in the case of good for the Buddhist. According to the three sings program in Buddhism had been found that some of example group could know youth behavior violent learning all increase.

For comparison youth behavior violent study to reduce youth behavior violent pre and post test for youth behavior violent and evaluate for youth behavior violent using along by three sings program in Buddhism. The different had found that hypothesis by four parts namely in good children for father and mother, in good student for teacher, in good friend for friend, in good citizen for country, and in good for the Buddhist. For skill to control youth behavior violent had some different hypothesis two parts namely, in the case of good children for father and mother and in the case of good for the Buddhist.

The Suggestions for this Research

School and teachers should have some policy for students learning about institute and for youth behavior violent and evaluate for youth behavior violent using along by three sings program in Buddhism include teaching and do activity. For next studying should be have some model youth behavior violent and evaluate for youth behavior violent using along by three sings program in Buddhism for improve with another groups.

Keyword: Buddhism-based Models, Youth Violence, Behavioral Modification.

Introduction

The crisis on morality’s problems was invading the freedom of living together peacefully with the society, especially when capitalism system and consumptionism system appeared into people’s ways of life via unbounded communication which causing some group of people lacked of using their own wisdom to fitter any data systematically till creating the problems and crisis on their way of life. At the meantime, it seemed that such violence was got less interesting by the society, including the misunderstanding of the leader who believed that technology could solve such problems of violence. He spent some money from the budget, issued the laws to campel and also managed to provide his power of administration to get rid of those problems happened. It could see that using the tools and processesmentioned above, those could solve, the problem of morality only temporarily, but at the same time causing some other problems followed behind. As far as the society still put quality of life for the people in the society.

The changing of economy, society, culture and the growth of technology were the most important factors to change human’s original way of life. So, “human” was also important factor of such changing and being a goal of development. When considered especially the groups of youths or teenagers, itappeared especially the situations of violence happening today had been extremely down to sensitive condition with anxiety which could be seen from some violence that affected to the whole society such as incorrect behavior on goodwill, behaviors which were risky to drug’s addiction, sex crimes and other
Violent doing. And it seemed that the youths’ violence was increasing more and more as seen through various mass media showing differen kinds of behaviours. ABAC poll by Dr. NoppadonKannika, Director of Academic Network Center for Observation and Research on Community’s Happiness or Reseach Center on Community’s Happiness of Assumption University, revealed that from the resulf of the survey research on “Situations of Violence among Youths and Juveniles” , it was found that most of the activities which were not creative ones or for 55.0% preferred playing computer games or online games such as gun shotting, sword fighting and boxing games ; for 34% preferred drinking liqueur, beer and wine ; for 25.9% preferred going out at right for fun in pubs discotheques and karaokes ; one – fourth or for 23.7% escaping from classes (which was very worse to worry about) ; for 21.4% preferred gambling ; for 16.7% got together in groups fighting to the others ; for

16.7% preferred creating quarrels by fighting ; for 13.5% preferred using different kinds of drugs and for 14.1% preferred creating quarrels by using some weapons. From the results of the research above could identify that the youths ’ violent behaviours would deteriorate day after day and led to have more violence.

The youths’ violent behaviours appeared to both them. Selves and the society were causing from inside and outside especially, the inside factors as avidity : wishing to get something, wishing to have the ownership and wishing to be something or someone else. For the outside factors driving the youths to construct various various violent behaviours, we might say, ranging from the structure of society as the setting of National Development Policy which aimed too much on the growth of economy causing the people within the society seeked for survival more in physical than mental status. By this reason the problems of goodwills drugs, sex crimes and other violent doing were happened which all originated from the growth of objects that making the people in then society searched for mental happiness.

The ways to solve the youths’ violence, it was necessary that different institutes in the society had to look back on the basics of the patronage structure, education and constructing any activities to develop human resources to complete its circle and to gather all sectors from both the government and the private offices as a whole working as a team throughout the country, especially, the family which was the first institute of human’ s society had had been the good mold and remained its worth of the society and the nation as well. Hence, the guardians had to provide well education, teaching and enchanting the youths to show off the correct ways of morality and also encouraging them to do the beneficial activities more for the society. From doing such beneficial activities would create the attitude on mental voluntariness happened in every step of the teachings and also build good minds for themselves. The social institutes had to construct collaboration to provide the opportunities for the youths to develop their wisdom accordi9ng to their own capacities and could live with the the ideal consisting of their generous minds which would create the benefits to the humanity both at percent and in then future.

There were various ways or approaches to reduce the youths’ violent behaviours such as issuing rules, regulations, laws and some prohibitions to control their extrabehavious. Another ways were providing knowledge and building goodwill, including the correct attitude how to lead their good way of lives. Training to have the skills to control oneself was also development of the innerfactor for the individual according to the concept of Buddhism concerning the human’s development which was the systematic development.

The process of human’s development according to the principles in Buddhism was generally accepted to be able to develop a person to be a perfect human for both physical and mental status, especially, it could reduce some behaviors which were the youths’ problems as doing some violent actions towards their own parents, teachers, friends, the society, the nation and Buddhism. And if it considered to build and develop models in order to reduce the youths’ violent behaviours by using the process of training according to the principles of Tisikkhattaya as a quidelin to manage leaning activities for developing them to realize of the correctness concerning their way of lives’ having generous minds to each other without any jealousy, it was assumed to be the need of everyone in the society. Therefore, with the realization of the importance of developing persons, capacities by using the process of human’s development according to Buddhism caused the researcher to be more interested in building and developing model to reduce the youths’ violent behaviours by using the process of human’s development according to the principles in Buddhism called tisikkhattaya as a quideline to manage learning activities for students in vocational education level in order to enhance the quality of life and to reduce such behaviours which were the youths’ problems.

Tools and Procedures

This research was the study of the data through Quasi – Experimental Research conducting the experiments according to the research plan as One Group Pretest - Posttest Design (Quantitative Research) by using questionnaire as atool to collect the data from 30 persons of population. The researcher selected to use the sampling group by Purposive Sampling,analyzed the data involving frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, compared the results before and after the operation by doing the experiments with the same group both before and after (paired simples t-test) and compare was quoted for not less than 95%

Results

From the study of the construction and development of models to reduce the youths’violence according to the principles in Buddhism, it could be concluded the results of this study as the following.Most of the population used in this study were males for 90% , 60.0% having the results of study among 2.51-3.50,50.0% bring the first child, 40.0% having the expenditure ranging from 4,001-6,000 baht per month, 36.7% having fathers who were merchants/hirelings, 43.3% having mothers who were hirelings and 83.3% bath fathers and mothers were living together.

Comparing the data of reducing the youths’violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism in order to answer the researchs objectives and questions on constructing and developing models to reduce the youths violent behaviours from the data gathering showing the results appeared as a whole figure for all aspects and for each item as the following the result from analyzing the data as a whole figure was revealed that the average marks of the attitudes experiment on the youths violence according to the principles in Buddhism for both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours took their different marks significantly at.05 level ( Sig = . 001) and it showed that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviors( = 3.241, S.D = .503 ) was higher than the experiments done before ( = 3.021, S.D = .603 ).

For comparing the results of the attitude’s experiments on each item both before and after constructing and developing mode is to reduce the youth’s violent behaviors according to the principles in Buddhism appeared as the following

1. Behaviour on being a good child

The result of analyzing the data for behavior on being a good child found that the average marks of the attitudes experiments on the youths violence for both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism took their different marks significantly at .05 level ( Sig.221) and it showed that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours ( = 3.466 ,S.D. = . 383 ) was higher than the experiments done before ( = 3.326, S.D. = .496)

2. Behaviour on being a good student

The result of analyzing the data for behavior on being a good student disclosed that the average mark of the attitude’s experiments on the youths’ violence for both before and after constructing anddeveloping models to reduce the violent behaviour according to the principles in Bubdhism took their different marks significantly at.05 level[sig.=.026] and itappeared that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours [ =3.293,S.D.=.477] was higher than the experiments done before[ =2.926,S.D.=687]

3.Behaviour on being a good friend

The result of analyzing the data for behavior on being a giid friend revealed that the average mark of the attitude’s experiments on the youths’ violence for both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism took their different marks significantly at .05 level[ Sig.= .008] and it was found that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to

reduce the violent behaviours [ = 3.360,S.D.=.493] was higher than the experiments done before[ =2.926, S.D.=.719]

4. Behaviour on being a good civilian

The result of analyzing the data for behavior on being a good civilian showed that the average mark of the attitude’s experiment on the youths’ violence for both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism took their different marks significationly at .05 level[Sig.=.019] and it was found that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reducetheviolentdonebefore[ =3.226,S.D.=.640]

5. Behaviour on being a good Buddhist

The result of analyzing the data for behavior on being a good Buddhist appeared that the average marks of the attitude’s experiments on the youths’ violence for both before and after constructing and developing models toreduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism took their different marks signification at .05 level[Sig.=.131] and it revealed that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours [ =4.050, S.D.= .603]

6. Skills to control violent behaviours

The result of analyzing the data for skill to control violent behaviours showed that the average mark of the attitude’s experiments on the youths’violence for both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism took their different marks significantly at .05 level[Sig. = .004] and it disclosed that the result of the experiments after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours [ = 3.807,S.D.=.603]

Suggestion on Development Guide Line

School and teachers should have the policy which made the students realize of the importance of different violent behaviours that might be disadvantages to the institutes and it their own behaviours by handling the program of trainingTisikkhattaya according to the principles in Buddhism and applying with properly used into the learning process, including operating other activities within the school for the students to do. For next study, the researcher should study the existence of realization, attitude and skills to control those violent behaviours after the youths are provided the training for 3 months or more and the models which are constructed and developed to reduce the violent behaviours according to the principles in Buddhism should be brought and applied to use or experiment with other groups.

Discussion

The discussion of this research, the researcher would bring the point found to discuss about the connection and attachment of the data as followed:

The result the study on the construction and development of models to reduce the youths’ violent behaviours according to the principle in Buddhism revealed that 5 aspects of the realization towards the violent bahaviours : being a good child for parents, being a good student for teacher, being a good friend for friends, being a good civilian for the nation and being a good member for Buddhism after the training according to the program of Tisikkhattaya in Buddhism it was found that the sampling group realized of the violent behaviours by increasing more mark for all aspects mentioned which could get along with the study of Surapong Chudet2 who studied the result of the training according to the

program of Tisikkhattaya in Buddhism towards self-discipline development of Pratomsuksa 5 pupils, he found that the pupils who were trainees according to the program of Tisikkhattaya for one month and after that they became persons who had more self- discipline than the ones who were trainees according to normal approach significantly at statistic level. Such result was found in 4 sub-complement : responsibility, self-confidence, endurance and honesty. And Nipaporn Laconwong3 was another person who studied the result of group counseling, concentration practice and group counseling providing together with concentration practice towards the mental health of nursing students. To counsel in groups could reduce some tension and anxiety while increasing the ability solve to adjust themselves and could face the problems, including solve them as well, they could live their lives with efficiency. Moreover, concentration practice according to the principles in Buddhism could help people who were down intoproblem to have steady consciousness without any sensitiveness towards any affectation and also having aims to control their minds. From her study, she found that those nursing students were facing many different problems while they were studying such as self- adjustment, tension, anxiety, having low self-imagination and having bad attitude toward the learning. The problem mentioned could lead to some difficulties to their daily lives and also working lives of those nursing students. The researcher, thus, realized of the necessity to find out the ways to help those nursing students solving those various problems by learning ways to manage, control or protect any problems on mental health that might happen. So, concentration practice and group counseling providing together with concentration practice were brought into models to develop the nursing students mental health by pointing out to study the results of group counseling, concentration practice and group counseling providing together with concentration practice towards the mental health of nursing students which were considered being the best way to enhance mental health. The objectives of this research were 1] to study the results of group counseling towards mental health, 2] to study the results of concentration practice towards mental health, 3] to study the result of group counseling providing together with concentration practice towards mental health and 4] to compare the results among group counseling, concentration practice and group counseling providing together with concentration practice towards mental health. The result of this study revealed that after the students received group counseling for ond week, they could manage themselves on any tensions, anxieties and self-adjustment better than before thecounseling done significantly at .05 level. And after the experiments for 4 weeks, it found that the students could manage to solve the problem much more better than the experiments for one week done significantly at.05 level. After doing the concentration practice for one week, the students could manage the tensions better than before doing the practice significantly at .05 level while after attending group counseling providing together with concentration practice for one week, the students could manage themselves on any tensions, anxieties, self- adjustments and solving the problems better than before the attendance done significantly at .05 level and after the experiments for 4 weeks, it showed that the students could manage themselves on any tensions, anxieties, self-adjustments and solving the problems much more better than the experiments for one week done significantly at .05 level. At the meantime, the researcher also found that the students who were attending all 3 approaches of enhancing mental health mentioned above, all were taking their different mental health significantly at .05 level.

For comparing the attitudes of reducing the youths’ violent behaviours both before and after constructing and developing models to reduce the violent behaviours according to

the principles in Buddhism, it disclosed that 4 aspects took their different marks signicantly at .05 level :Behaviour on being a good student, behaviour on being a good friend, behaviour on being a good civilian and skills to control violent behaviours. It also appeared that there was no different mark significantly at .05 level on 2 aspects: behaviour on being a good child and behavior on being a good Buddhist. It might be possible that such behaviours on being a good child and good Buddhist were thansferred by the youths’ancestors concerning the gratefulness towards previous benefactors which was one of the Dhamma principles appeared in Buddhism long time ago. Any persons who followed the Dhamma principles in Buddhism on Katannukatavedita (the quality of being a grateful person), they should behave well as good children for their parents as well. Thus, causing the 2 aspects mentioned had no different marks.

Suggestions

1.The office of Vocational Education committee should set the polity to develop the students by allowing the institutes located under the office of Vocational Education Committee to bring the models of training according to the principles of Tisikkattaya applying with properly used into the learning process on ordinary subjects as Thai Culture (With thai) and Psychology since from the results of this study, it showed that traihing according to the principles of Tisikkhattayacould reduce the youths’ violent behaviours.

2. Institutes’ administrators of Compulsory and Vocational Education Sections should set the plan to develop the quality of life of their students by developing thee virtue for the youths’ basic way of life that were being a good child for parents, being a good student for teachers, being a good friend for friends and being a good member for Buddhism since it was found from the research ‘s results that such factors mentioned above were related to each other and were also factors on behaviours which concerned to each other as well.

3. The collaboration network to develop the students among institutes of vocational education, religious education and family should be constructed in order to find out the ways or approaches to reduce the youths’ violent behaviours by bringing the training program according to Tisikkhattaya in Buddhism applying with properly used into the learning process and other activities handled within the institutes, communities, homes and temples.

Suggestions on Performance

1.Administrators and teachers working for schools under the Office of Vocational Education committee should brithg the models of learning and teaching management according to the principles of Tisikkhattaya in Buddhism to set as lesson plan for learning and doing activities in other subjects in order to develop the students systematically since it appeared in several researches that learning and teaching cmanagement according to tisikkhattaya in Buddhism could develop the students to create learning process with efficiency and effectiveness.

2.The guardians or parents should enhance and encourage and encourage their children to have opportunities to attend the training or any religious activities to increase the attitude and realization concerning the basic virtue to be as perfect humans which meant. Being a good child for parents, being a good student for teachers being a good friend for friends, being a good civilian for the nation and being a good member for Buddhism.

3. The educational institutes in Buddhism or the Sangha should propagate the models of learning and teaching management according to the principles of Tisikkhattaya in

Buddhism into all departments and levels within the institutes which would aim to develop educational quality for the youths by using the principles and approaches of Buddhism as the guidelines of learning and teaching management.

Suggestion for next research

1.The researcher should study the existence of realization, attitude and skills to control the violent behaviors after the youths have attended the training for 3 months or

more.
2. The models of constructing and developing to reduce the youths’ violent

behaviors according to the principles in Buddhism should be brought and applied or experimented with other groups.

Reference

Nipaporn Lakornwong, The Effects of Group Counseling, Meditation and Group Counseling Combined with Meditation on Mental Health of the Nursing Students,Thesis Department of Pyschology Faculty of Education Khon Kaen University.1999, p. Abstract.

Surapong Chudech, Effects of Trisikha (Buddhist Threefold Training) on Prathom Suksa V Pupils’ Self – Discipline ,Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Applied Bdhavioral Science Research at Srinakharinwirot University. 1999, p. Abstract.

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1 January 3, 2555 http://www.ryt9.com/s/abcp/524293.